Introduction to C++ 



C++ is a high-level, general-purpose programming language that was created by Bjarne Stroustrup in 1983. C++ is an extension of the C programming language and provides object-oriented features such as classes and objects, as well as other features like templates and exceptions.

 C++ is commonly used to develop operating systems, games, and high-performance applications for a variety of platforms. It's also often used in scientific and engineering applications, as well as in computer-aided design (CAD) software.

Object-oriented technology (OOT) is a programming paradigm that uses objects, which are instances of classes, to represent and manipulate data and behavior.

The core concepts of OOT are:

Objects:

Objects are instances of classes, which are templates for creating objects. Each object has its own state, which is represented by the values of its member variables (also called attributes or properties), and its own behavior, which is defined by the methods (also called member functions) that can operate on its state.

Classes:

Classes are templates for creating objects. They define the structure of an object by specifying its member variables and methods. Each class can have multiple objects, and each object belongs to one class.

Inheritance:

Inheritance is a mechanism that allows classes to inherit the properties and behavior of other classes, creating a hierarchy of classes. Subclasses (also called derived classes) inherit the member variables and methods of their superclasses (also called base classes), and can also add new member variables and methods or override inherited ones.

Polymorphism:

Polymorphism is a mechanism that allows objects of different classes to be used interchangeably through a common interface. This is achieved through the use of virtual methods, which are methods that can be overridden by subclasses.

Encapsulation:

Encapsulation is a mechanism that protects the internal state and behavior of objects from external access and modification. This is achieved through the use of access modifiers (such as public, private, and protected) that specify which member variables and methods can be accessed from outside the class.
OOT also promotes reusability and modularity of code, by breaking down the complexity of large systems into smaller, manageable objects, and allowing developers to create new objects that inherit the properties of existing ones.
Object-oriented languages like C++, Java, C#, Python, and others, provides these features and support to implement the OOT concepts, making it a popular choice among software developers.